![]() ![]() In 1484, his family moved to Mansfeld, where his father was a leaseholder of copper mines and smelters and served as one of four citizen representatives on the local council in 1492 he was elected as a town councilor. Luther was baptized the next morning on the feast day of St. Martin Luther was born to Hans Luder (or Ludher, later Luther) and his wife Margarethe (née Lindemann) on 10 November 1483 in Eisleben, County of Mansfeld, in the Holy Roman Empire. Early life Birth and education Portraits of Hans and Margarethe Luther by Lucas Cranach the Elder, 1527 Former monks' dormitory, St Augustine's Monastery, Erfurt Based upon his teachings, despite the fact that Luther did not advocate the murdering of Jews, the prevailing view among historians is that his rhetoric contributed significantly to the development of antisemitism in Germany and of the Nazi Party. In addition, these works also targeted Roman Catholics, Anabaptists, and nontrinitarian Christians. In two of his later works, Luther expressed anti-Judaistic views, calling for the expulsion of Jews and the burning of synagogues. His marriage to Katharina von Bora, a former nun, set a model for the practice of clerical marriage, allowing Protestant clergy to marry. His hymns influenced the development of singing in Protestant churches. It fostered the development of a standard version of the German language, added several principles to the art of translation, and influenced the writing of an English translation, the Tyndale Bible. His translation of the Bible into the German vernacular (instead of Latin) made it more accessible to the laity, an event that had a tremendous impact on both the church and German culture. Those who identify with these, and all of Luther's wider teachings, are called Lutherans, though Luther insisted on Christian or Evangelical ( German: evangelisch) as the only acceptable names for individuals who professed Christ. ![]() His theology challenged the authority and office of the pope by teaching that the Bible is the only source of divinely revealed knowledge, and opposed sacerdotalism by considering all baptized Christians to be a holy priesthood. Luther taught that salvation and, consequently, eternal life are not earned by good deeds rather, they are received only as the free gift of God's grace through the believer's faith in Jesus Christ, the redeemer from sin. Luther died in 1546 with Pope Leo X's excommunication still in effect. His refusal to renounce all of his writings at the demand of Pope Leo X in 1520 and the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V at the Diet of Worms in 1521 resulted in his excommunication by the pope and condemnation as an outlaw by the Holy Roman Emperor. Luther proposed an academic discussion of the practice and efficacy of indulgences in his Ninety-five Theses of 1517. He came to reject several teachings and practices of the Roman Catholic Church in particular, he disputed the view on indulgences. Luther was ordained to the priesthood in 1507. He was the seminal figure of the Protestant Reformation, and his theological beliefs form the basis of Lutheranism. ![]() Martin Luther OSA ( / ˈ l uː θ ər/ German: i 10 November 1483 – 18 February 1546) was a German priest, theologian, author, hymnwriter, professor, and Augustinian friar. ![]()
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